Common LASIK Questions Answered

What Is LASIK and How Does It Work?

LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) is a refractive surgery that reshapes the cornea so light focuses correctly on the retina. A surgeon creates a thin flap in the corneal surface, uses an excimer laser to remove microscopic tissue underneath, and repositions the flap. The procedure typically takes about 15 minutes for both eyes and is done with topical anesthetic drops.

Who Is a Good Candidate for LASIK?

Ideal candidates are adults over 18 with stable vision for at least one year, healthy corneas of sufficient thickness, and a prescription within treatable ranges. Common conditions addressed include myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. People with dry eye disease, thin corneas, large pupils, or certain autoimmune conditions may need alternative treatments. A comprehensive preoperative exam determines eligibility.

What Happens During the LASIK Procedure?

On the day of surgery, the surgeon places a lid speculum to keep the eye open, creates the corneal flap with a femtosecond laser or microkeratome, and uses the excimer laser to reshape the underlying tissue. The flap is smoothed back into place without stitches. Most patients notice improved vision within hours, though full stabilization can take several weeks.

Is LASIK Painful and What Is Recovery Like?

Discomfort during the procedure is minimal, often described as pressure. After surgery, patients commonly experience temporary dryness, grittiness, or light sensitivity for a few days. Most people return to work within one to two days and avoid rubbing the eyes, swimming, and heavy exercise for one to four weeks. Medicated and lubricating eye drops are used to support healing.

What Are the Risks and Possible Side Effects?

Common temporary side effects include glare, halos, dry eyes, and fluctuating vision. Serious complications such as flap complications, infection, or significant vision loss are rare. Some patients experience undercorrection or overcorrection, which may require an enhancement procedure. A small percentage develop chronic dry eye that can persist for months or longer.

How Long Do LASIK Results Last?

LASIK permanently reshapes the cornea, but the natural aging process can still affect vision over time. Many patients maintain good uncorrected vision for years or decades. Some experience a gradual decline, especially after age 40, when presbyopia begins. Enhancement procedures can address mild regression, though they are not guaranteed.

What Alternatives Exist to LASIK?

Alternatives include PRK (photorefractive keratectomy), which does not create a flap and may suit thinner corneas; SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction), a flapless procedure; implantable collamer lenses for higher prescriptions; and orthokeratology, which uses specially designed contact lenses worn overnight. The best option depends on corneal anatomy, prescription, lifestyle, and surgeon recommendation.

How Do I Choose a LASIK Surgeon and Clinic?

Look for a board-certified ophthalmologist with extensive LASIK experience, modern technology, and a track record of positive outcomes. Ask about the surgeon's complication rates, the specific lasers and diagnostic equipment used, and the thoroughness of the preoperative evaluation. A clinic that dedicates time to answering questions and setting realistic expectations is a strong indicator of quality care.

Frequently Asked LASIK Questions

• Am I too old for LASIK?
• Can LASIK fix presbyopia?
• What should I stop doing before surgery?
• Will I still need glasses after LASIK?