How to Become a Teacher in the United States

How to Become a Teacher in the United States

Becoming a teacher in the United States typically requires a bachelor's degree, completion of a state-approved teacher preparation program, and earning a license or certification. The exact path varies by state, grade level, and subject area, but the core steps are consistent across most jurisdictions.

Complete a Bachelor's Degree

Most states require at least a bachelor's degree from an accredited institution. Many aspiring teachers pursue a degree in education, which usually includes both academic coursework and a built-in student teaching experience. Those with a bachelor's in another field can often enter teaching through alternative certification routes.

Complete a State-Approved Teacher Preparation Program

Teacher preparation programs combine pedagogy classes with supervised classroom practice. These programs are often housed in universities and must be approved by the state's education agency. Completion typically leads to a recommendation for licensure, which is required before teaching in public schools.

Pass Required Exams

Nearly all states require candidates to pass subject-matter and pedagogy assessments. The Praxis series is the most common, but some states use their own tests or accept alternatives like the edTPA performance assessment. Passing scores and required exams vary by state and certification area.

Obtain State Licensure or Certification

After meeting education, exam, and preparation requirements, candidates apply to their state's department of education for a teaching license. Most initial licenses are valid for a limited period and require renewal through continued professional development or additional coursework.

Alternative Routes to Certification

Many states offer alternative certification pathways for career changers or those who already hold a bachelor's degree. These programs often allow candidates to begin teaching under a provisional or intern certificate while completing remaining licensure requirements on the job.

Job Outlook and Continuing Education

Demand for teachers varies by subject, grade level, and region, with shortages often reported in STEM, special education, and high-need schools. Most states require licensed teachers to engage in ongoing professional development to maintain and upgrade their credentials over time.