Medicare Part B Premium Table at a Glance
The Medicare Part B premium table lists the monthly amount most beneficiaries pay for medical insurance that covers doctor visits, outpatient care, preventive services, and durable medical equipment. The standard premium is the baseline, but many people pay more based on their modified adjusted gross income reported on IRS tax returns from two years prior. The table below shows the standard monthly premium and the tiers applied when higher income pushes the cost higher.
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| Year | Standard Monthly Premium | Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount (IRMAA) Tiers |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $185.00 | Individual MAGI over $103,000; joint MAGI over $206,000. Higher tiers apply at $133,000, $163,000, $193,000, and $500,000+ for individuals, and corresponding couples thresholds. |
| 2024 | $174.70 | IRMAA brackets started at $103,000 individual / $206,000 joint and increased at $133,000, $163,000, $193,000, and $500,000+. |
| 2023 | $164.90 | IRMAA brackets started at $97,000 individual / $194,000 joint and increased at $127,000, $157,000, $187,000, and $500,000+. |
| 2022 | $170.10 | IRMAA brackets started at $91,000 individual / $182,000 joint and increased at $111,000, $131,000, $151,000, and $750,000+. |
These figures come from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and may shift annually based on Medicare financing law and Social Security cost-of-living adjustments. The standard premium shown is what most people pay; your exact amount depends on the income tier you fall into.
How Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amounts Work
When your MAGI exceeds the base threshold, Medicare applies a surcharge shown in the Medicare Part B premium table. The surcharge is added on top of the standard premium and is deducted automatically from your Social Security, Railroad Retirement, or Civil Service retirement check. If you do not receive any of those payments, Medicare sends you a bill.
The income figures used are generally from your federal tax return two years earlier. For example, 2025 premiums use 2023 tax return income. This lag gives beneficiaries time to understand how tax decisions affect Medicare costs.
Who Pays More Than the Standard Premium
Higher-income beneficiaries pay more, but the surcharge is based on MAGI, not total income. MAGI includes adjusted gross income plus tax-exempt interest and certain excluded foreign income. The table below shows the typical IRMAA tiers and percentage increases applied for 2025.
| IRMAA Tier (2025) | Individual MAGI | Joint MAGI | Surcharge as % of Standard Premium |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tier 1 | $103,001 – $133,000 | $206,001 – $266,000 | ~35% higher |
| Tier 2 | $133,001 – $163,000 | $266,001 – $326,000 | ~50% higher |
| Tier 3 | $163,001 – $193,000 | $326,001 – $386,000 | ~65% higher |
| Tier 4 | $193,001 – $500,000 | $386,001 – $750,000 | ~80% higher |
| Tier 5 | $500,000+ | $750,000+ | ~85% higher |
The exact surcharge percentages may vary slightly because CMS rounds amounts to the nearest dollar in the monthly premium notice.
How to Check Your Specific Premium
The Medicare Part B premium table gives expected ranges, but each beneficiary receives a personalized notice from CMS. You can view your exact amount by logging into your Medicare account at Medicare.gov, checking your Social Security online account, or reviewing your Medicare Summary Notice. If your income drops because of retirement, divorce, or the death of a spouse, you can request a reconsideration through the Social Security Administration to lower the surcharge.
What the Premium Covers
The monthly Part B premium pays for outpatient doctor services, preventive care, durable medical equipment, mental health services in and out of a hospital, and some home health services. Part B does not cover inpatient hospital stays, which fall under Part A. Most beneficiaries also pay the Part A premium if they did not accumulate enough quarters of covered work.
When Premiums Can Change
The standard premium in the Medicare Part B premium table can increase from year to year based on Medicare program costs and law. In years with no Social Security cost-of-living adjustment, the premium may still rise if Medicare spending grows. Beneficiaries who enroll late may also face a permanent late-enrollment penalty equal to 10% of the standard premium for each full 12-month period they could have had Part B but did not sign up.
Review the Medicare Part B premium table each year during the annual enrollment period so you can anticipate changes and budget accordingly, especially if your income is near a bracket threshold.