Minimum Credit Score to Purchase a Home
The credit score you need to buy a home typically ranges from 500 to 620 for the most common loan programs, but the exact number depends on the type of mortgage and the lender's requirements. A higher score generally unlocks better interest rates and lower down payment options.
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Credit Score Requirements by Loan Type
| Loan Type | Typical Minimum Score | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| FHA Loan | 500–580 | Score of 580 allows 3.5% down; below 580 may require 10% down |
| Conventional Loan | 620 | Most lenders set 620 as the floor; 680+ improves rate options |
| VA Loan | No official minimum | Lenders often look for 620+; issued by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs |
| USDA Loan | 640 | Manual underwrite may accept lower scores with compensating factors |
What Lenders Look at Beyond the Score
Credit score is one piece of the puzzle. Lenders also evaluate your debt-to-income ratio, employment history, down payment size, and the details of your credit report. Even with a score that meets the minimum, high debt or recent late payments can lead to a denial or a less favorable rate.
How to Improve Your Chances of Approval
- Check your credit report for errors and dispute anything inaccurate.
- Pay down high-interest debt to lower your debt-to-income ratio.
- Avoid opening new credit accounts in the months before applying.
- Save for a larger down payment, which can offset a lower score.
- Consider an FHA loan if your score is below 620.
Can You Buy a Home With a Lower Score?
It is possible, but the path narrows. Some lenders offer manual underwriting for scores below the standard minimum, especially on government-backed loans. You may need a larger down payment, a longer credit history, or documented compensating factors such as significant savings or a solid employment record.